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| c. 1690 |
| | | France by now has six fortified trading settlements around the coast of India, of which Pondicherry is the most important | |
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| 1696 |
| | | Fort St William is built by the East India Company in the Ganges delta, and subsequently develops into Calcutta | |
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| 1707 |
| | | The death of Aurangzeb introduces the long period of decline of the Mughal empire | |
|  | Aurangzeb
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| 1739 |
| | | The Persian ruler Nadir Shah enters Delhi and removes much of the accumulated treasure of the Mughal empire | |
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| 1751 |
| | | Robert Clive prevails over the French after holding out during the seven-week siege of Arcot in southern India | |
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| 1756 |
| | | 122 people die after being locked overnight in a small room in Calcutta, in an incident that becomes known as the Black Hole of Calcutta | |
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| 1757 |
| | | Robert Clive defeats the nawab of Bengal at the battle of Plassey, and places his own man on the throne | |
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| 1809 |
| | | Ranjit Singh, maharaja of the Punjab, agrees an eastern boundary between himself and the British in the Treaty of Amritsar | |
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| 1845 |
| | | The first Anglo-Sikh war breaks out between Sikh forces in the Punjab and encroaching forces of Britain's East India Company | |
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| 1846 |
| | | The first Anglo-Sikh war ends with the Treaty of Lahore, by which Jammu and Kashmir are ceded to the British | |
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